War with Zambales and Pangasinan (1660) Īndres Malong, who was a leader in San Carlos, Pangasinan (then known as Binalatongan), formed an alliance with the inhabitants of Zambales in 1660. this province of Ilocos, between two languages and peoples that were as different as could still be seen in this mountain range, it was the Samtoy language, the most general.Īccording to Carro, because of this, the Spanish learned the Ilocano language, and through its application by the Spanish, and the traffic and trade of the natives (which Carro claims they did not have before the Spanish arrival), the Ilocano language became common and popular in the entire province of Ilocos from Bangui to Agoo. įray Andres Carro later wrote in his 1792 manuscript, that when Juan de Salcedo conquered Ilocos in 1572, The Spanish conquistador Juan de Salcedo explored the northern regions of the Philippines in 1571, where he traveled to the Ilocos Region (among other places), colonizing the north, and establishing several Spanish municipalities, including Villa Fernandina (present-day Vigan) and Tagudin. Spanish Era to the Philippine Republic An Ilocano woman and man wearing kattukong and annangá, circa 1820s Later migrations brought other Austronesian groups, along with agriculture the languages of these later migrants effectively replaced those of the existing populations. ![]() The first, occurring perhaps between 10,000 and 7,000 years ago, brought the ancestors of indigenous groups that today live around the Cordillera Central mountain range. According to a 2021 genetic study, Austronesians, either from Southern China or Taiwan, were found to have come to the Philippines in at least two distinct waves. The prevailing theory nowadays about the spread of the Austronesian peoples is the " Out of Taiwan" hypothesis, which proposes that the Neolithic-era migrations from Taiwan gave rise to the ancestors of present-day Austronesian populations. The Ilocano people are one of the Austronesian peoples of Northern Luzon. See also: Models of migration to the Philippines Ilocano or Ilokano is used to refer to males, while Ilocana or Ilokana is used to refer to females. One of the Spanish language's effects on the demonym is grammatical gender. Alternatively, according to some records, the name is derived from l- ('originating from') and luku or lukung (a valley or depression in land, hence 'lowland') located between the gulod ('mountains') and the luek ('sea' or 'bay'). The word Ilocano or Ilokano originates from the word Iloko/Iloco (archaic Spanish form, Yloco), the conjugation of i- (meaning 'of') and look (meaning 'bay'), which means 'from the bay' in Ilocano. Etymology Ilocano merchants in the mid-19th century The textile industry in the area has a long tradition, while fishing is second only to agricultural production. Tobacco is the leading cash crop of the Ilocano people. Agricultural production is not sufficient to meet local needs, thus, much of the population historically went into the labor market and interregional trade. ![]() The Ilocos Region is one of the most densely populated regions in the Philippines. Emigration was caused by dense population pressures in a region with limited agricultural potential. The Ilocano diaspora spans nearly all parts of the Philippines, as well as places in the Western world, particularly Hawaii and California. Historically, Ilocanos have an elaborate network of beliefs and social practices. ![]() The native language of the Ilocano people is the Ilocano (or Ilokano) language. They mostly reside within the Ilocos Region, in the northwestern seaboard of Luzon, Philippines. The Ilocanos ( Ilocano: Tattao nga Iloko/ Ilokano), Ilokanos, or Iloko people are the third largest Filipino ethnolinguistic group. Ibanag, Ivatan, Pangasinan, Kapampangan, Austronesian peoples ![]() ( Ilocos Region, Cordillera, Cagayan Valley, Central Luzon, Metro Manila, some parts of Soccsksargen)Īglipayan minority, Iglesia ni Cristo, Protestantism, Members Church of God International, Jehovah's Witnesses, Islam, Buddhism Ilocano women from Santa Catalina, Ilocos Sur, c.
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